How are corporate crises characterized?

Corporate crises are often considered modern man-made crises because they typically arise from decisions, actions, or failures that are directly linked to human activities within organizations. These crises can result from a variety of factors, including poor management decisions, unethical business practices, or operational failures. The recognition of corporate crises as man-made emphasizes the role that organizational behavior, corporate governance, and strategic planning play in their development.

The acknowledgment that these crises are modern in nature reflects the complexity of today's business environment, where rapid technological advancements, changing consumer expectations, and global interdependencies can exacerbate the impact of a crisis. This perspective helps organizations understand that crises can often be mitigated or avoided through proactive risk management, effective leadership, and strong ethical standards.

The other options do not capture the essence of corporate crises accurately. Crises can be influenced by external environmental factors, and while they may sometimes be recognizable by analysts, they are not always predictable. Additionally, leadership issues are often intricately linked to the onset or escalation of a corporate crisis, contradicting the notion that crises are unrelated to leadership.